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MCI-SE02: Work Assistance
September 6 @ 14:00 - 15:30
Link to the online meeting (Zoom/MS Teams/etc.)
Presentations
14:00 – 14:15 Uhr
Von Bedrohung bis kollaborative Partnerschaft: Eine qualitative Studie zu den Rollen KI-basierter Technologie aus der Perspektive niedergelassener Radiolog*innen in Deutschland
1Reutlingen University, Germany; 2TU Berlin, Germany
Die Radiologie gilt als technik-affiner Bereich der Medizin und rückt somit auch immer weiter in den Fokus für die Anwendung künstlicher Intelligenz zur Unterstützung der Entscheidungsfindung. Dieser Beitrag fokussiert auf die Perspektiven niedergelassener Radiolog*innen im deutschsprachigen Raum und ihren Vorstellungen von KI-Systemen. Dabei geht es auch darum, welche Rollen einer KI aus Sicht der Radiolog*innen zufallen könnten/sollten und welche Aufgabengebiete einer KI sie sich vorstellen können. Die qualitative Studie basiert auf teilstrukturierten Interviews mit fünf niedergelassener Radiolog*innen und zeigt ein differenziertes Bild auf die Rollen der KI im Befundungsprozess: beginnend bei der KI als Erst- oder Zweit-Befunder, über den Kollaborationspartner bis hin zur KI als Alleinbefunder in Notfallsituationen. Zudem wurden über den Befundungsprozess hinaus Anwendungsgebiete über den gesamten Metaprozess einer radiologischen Praxis genannt, von administrativen bis hin zu interaktiven Funktionen. Aus den Ergebnissen der Studie lassen sich drei sich bedingende und aufeinander aufbauende Gestaltungsempfehlungen ableiten. Zunächst empfiehlt sich ein (1) adaptives, interaktives System mit Fokus auf den Befundungsprozess, zudem die Entwicklung eines (2) Service-Ökosystems über den Befundungsprozess hinaus und die (3) Berücksichtigung aller Beteiligten Nutzer*innengruppen. Die Umsetzung dieser Empfehlungen soll die Einbettung von KI in ein sozio-technisches Arbeitssystem sowie die Ausschöpfung des Potenzials der Zusammenarbeit der Radiolog*innen mit KI erleichtern.
14:15 – 14:30 Uhr
Ensuring a Robust Multimodal Conversational User Interface During Maintenance Work
1University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany; 2Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
It has been shown that the provision of a conversational user interface proves beneficial in many domains. But, there are still many challenges when applied in production areas, e.g. as part of a virtual assistant to support workers in knowledge-intensive maintenance work. Regarding input modalities, touchscreens are failure-prone in wet environments and the quality of voice recognition is negatively affected by ambient noise. Augmenting a symmetric text- and voice-based user interface with gestural input poses a good solution to provide both efficiency and a robust communication. This paper contributes to this research area by providing results on the application of appropriate head and one-hand gestures during maintenance work. We conducted an elicitation study with 20 participants and present a gesture set as its outcome. To facilitate the gesture development and integration for application designers, a classification model for head gestures and one for one-hand gestures were developed. Additionally, a proof-of-concept for operators’ acceptance regarding a multimodal conversational user interface with support of gestural input during maintenance work was demonstrated. It encompasses two usability testings with 18 participants in different realistic, but controlled settings: notebook repair (SUS: 82.1) and cutter head maintenance (SUS: 82.7)
14:30 – 14:45 Uhr
Analyse signifikanter Einflussfaktoren auf die Technologieakzeptanz von Smartglasses im Handwerk
Hochschule Fulda – University of Applied Sciences
Smartglasses mit Augmented Reality Technologie erfreuen sich immer größerer Beliebtheit in der Arbeitswelt und finden zunehmend Verwendung als Arbeitsassistenzsysteme. In Deutschland sind die Geräte im Handwerk, insbesondere in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU), noch nicht weit verbreitet, obwohl sie zentralen Herausforderungen wie Fachkräftemangel und kürzer werdenden Innovations- und Produktionszyklen entgegenwirken können. Um die Wahrnehmung von Smartglasses im Handwerk zu beleuchten, wird eine erste quantitative Analyse durchgeführt. Hierzu wird ein kontextspezifisches Forschungsmodell für die Sanitär-, Heizungs- und Klimatechnik-(SHK-)Branche entwickelt, das die Akzeptanzfaktoren Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Compatibility, Perceived Risks und Perceived Substitutability umfasst. Auf Basis einer Online-Umfrage (N = 38) wird das entwickelte Modell evaluiert und eine deskriptive Analyse sowie Korrelationsanalyse zur Auswertung der Umfragedaten vorgenommen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Nutzung von Smartglasses überwiegend Zustimmung durch die Beschäftigten erfährt und die Technik als nützlich, einfach bedienbar, risikofrei und mit der eigenen Arbeitsweise vereinbar wahrgenommen wird.
14:45 – 15:00 Uhr
Augmented Reality Guidance for Car Repairs: immediate and long-term Effects
Clemens Hoffmann1, Michael Prilla2, Kai Wundram3, Björn Emmermann3
1Volkswagen AG, Germany; 2Clausthal University of Technology; 3Ostfalia University of Applied Science
Car service technicians are challenged by the increasing variety and complexity of repair and maintenance tasks. Recent studies have shown benefits by using augmented reality (AR) for different industrial tasks. Most studies compared a very established support technology with the new AR support in just one initial exposure. The lack of routine in dealing with AR often creates a respective disadvantage. This paper looks into the question to which extent can AR head-mounted display (AR HMD) guidance provide benefits for an unknown car repair task. To investigate further than an initial exposure, the service technicians repeated the specific task every two weeks in total four times. The experiment under field conditions compares the efficiency, the repair quality, and the mental effort under AR HMD support to the traditional repair guideline. Results indicated that AR HMD support impacts positive the repair quality immediately and long term. Furthermore, the AR HMD support created a decent learning environment, that the high quality also remained without AR guidance. This shows opportunities to use AR HMDs for training and guidance of industrial tasks in practice.
15:00 – 15:15 Uhr
KiTT – The Kinaesthetics Transfer Teacher: Design and Evaluation of a Tablet-based System to Promote the Learning of Ergonomic Patient Transfers
1Universität Konstanz, Germany; 2Aarhus University
Nurses frequently transfer patients as part of their daily work. However, manual patient transfers pose a major risk to nurses’ health. Although the Kinaesthetics care conception can help address this issue, existing support to learn the concept is low. We present KiTT, a tablet-based system, to promote the learning of ergonomic patient transfers based on the Kinaesthetics care conception. KiTT supports the training of Kinaesthetics-based patient transfers by two nurses. The nurses are guided by the phases (i) interactive instructions, (ii) training of transfer conduct, and (iii) feedback and reflection. We evaluated KiTT with 26 nursing-care students in a nursing-care school. Our results indicate that KiTT provides a good subjective support for the learning of Kinaesthetics. Our results also suggest that KiTT can promote the ergonomically correct conduct of patient transfers while providing a good user experience adequate to the nursing-school context, and reveal how KiTT can extend existing practices.
15:15 – 15:18 Uhr
Analyzing the Radiological Order Workflow through Contextual Interviews
1Human-Computer Interaction Group, University of Würzburg, Germany; 2Service Center Medical Informatics, University Hospital of Würzburg
Requests for radiological examinations in large medical facilities are a distributed and complex process with potential health-related risks for patients. A user-centered qualitative analysis with contextual interviews uncovered nine core problems, which hinder work efficiency and patient care: (1) Difficulties to access patient data & requests, (2) the large number of phone calls, (3) restricted & abused access rights, (4) request status difficult to track, (5) paper notes used for patient data, (6) lack of assistance for data entry, (7) frustration through documentation, (8) IT-systems not self-explanatory, and (9) conflict between physicians and radiologists. Contextual interviews were found to be a well fitting method to analyze and understand this complex process with multiple user roles. This analysis showed that there is room for improvement in the underlying IT systems, workflows and infrastructure. Our data gave useful insight into solutions to these problems and how we can use technology to improve all aspects of the request management. We are currently addressing those issues with a user-centered design process to design and implement a mobile application, which we will present in future work.
15:18 – 15:21 Uhr
An accessible user interface concept for non-verbal and spatial aspects of business meetings for blind and visually impaired people
Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria
Business meetings are an integral part of work life. While the modus operandi has changed over the course of the past years and decades, shifting from meetings with analog tools like flipcharts to digital aids like projectors or large touch displays mounted to walls, some aspects have stayed the same: Information does not only get exchanged verbally. Visual information like flipcharts but also non-verbal communication and spatial information are deemed essential information. This information is basically inaccessibly to blind and visually impaired people, which renders business meetings inaccessible to them as well. Consequentially, BVIPs have a tremendous disadvantage in their professional life. While research has been concerned with the mitigation of single aspects of the whole problem, especially with tracking all types of information, no comprehensive and user-friendly user interface approach has been developed. This paper proposes an accessible user interface approach facilitating affordable off- the-shelf hardware, which allows access to visual, non-verbal and spatial aspects of business meetings in a user- friendly manner and presents a fully functional prototype called MAPVI brainstorming tool.
15:21 – 15:24 Uhr
Bekanntheit und Umsetzung von Usability und User Experience in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen
Hochschule der Medien, Germany
Um Produkte, Systeme und Dienstleistungen zu entwickeln, die eine hohe Gebrauchstauglichkeit (Usability) aufweisen und ein positives Erlebnis (positive User Experience (UX)) erzeugen, müssen von Beginn an die potenziell Nutzenden und alle relevanten Stakeholder in deren Gestaltung einbezogen werden. Ob und in welchem Ausmaß dieser Ansatz der menschzentrierten Gestaltung im deutschen Mittelstand umgesetzt wird, wurde bislang wenig untersucht. Aus diesem Anlass wurden 2018 und 2020 zwei Befragungen durchgeführt. Ziel der Befragungen war, den Stand, die Interessen und Bedarfe von Unternehmen im Bereich Usability und UX zu erheben. Die Teilauswertung deutet darauf hin, dass Usability und UX bislang in etwa 50 % der befragten kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen Anwendung finden. Bei knapp der Hälfte besteht diesbezüglich Informationsbedarf. Etwa Dreiviertel äußerten Interesse an online verfügbaren Informationsmaterialien und die Hälfte an Workshops. 2020 waren 58 % an E-Learning-Kursen interessiert.
15:24 – 15:27 Uhr
Which UX Aspects are Important for a Product?
1University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Germany; 2Technical University of Applied Sciences Lübeck, Germany; 3SAP SE, Walldorf, Germany
Questionnaires are a popular method to measure User Experience (UX). These UX questionnaires cover different UX aspects with their scales. However, UX includes a huge number of semantically different aspects of a user’s interaction with a product. It is therefore practically impossible to cover all these aspects in a single evaluation study. A researcher must select those UX aspects that are most important to the users of the product under investigation. Some papers examined which UX aspects are important for specific product categories. Participants in these studies rated the importance of UX aspects for different product categories. These categories were described by a category name and several examples for products in this category. In principle, the results of these studies can be used to indicate which UX aspects should be measured for a particular product in the corresponding product category. This is especially useful for modular frameworks, e.g., the UEQ+, that allow to create a questionnaire by selecting the relevant scales from a catalog of predefined scales. In this paper, it is investigated how accurate the UX aspect suggestions derived from category-level studies are for individual products. The results show that the predicted importance of a UX aspect from the category is fairly precise.
15:27 – 15:30 Uhr
Carpet Tiles Interactive and modular smart textiles to support international students in shared dorms to feel at home
Bauhaus Universität Weimar, Germany
Moving to another country to study can be daunting and is connected to practical and emotional challenges. Here we present the results of an exploratory study on how smart textiles could be used to support international students in student housing to feel at home. We undertook seven contextual inquiry interviews. Based on three key findings – the importance of social connections, cultural elements (food and carpets) and the limited duration of stay – the concept of a modular carpet with different interactive elements was developed. The carpet offers a social space, where students can spend time with friends. Its modularity allows personalization to the available space and room layout. With a proof of concept prototype we aim to open up a design space for tangible (textile) interventions.